Often you can, from a narrower set of lenders and at a higher cost. A lender reads two kinds of file: the company’s, which carries any County Court Judgment against it, and each director’s personal file, because a director may be asked to guarantee the loan.
Credit reference agencies keep a file on every limited company. It draws on the accounts and other filings at Companies House, on judgments against the company, and on payment records from lenders and suppliers that share data with the agency. A lender reads it alongside the bank statements.
Each director also has a personal file: credit accounts, payments made late or missed, defaults, judgments, and any bankruptcy or individual voluntary arrangement. A lender that asks a director for a personal guarantee assesses that director as a borrower, so a poor personal file can sink a company’s application when the company’s own file is clean.
For a sole trader or a partnership the business has no separate file. Your personal file is the business’s file, and you are personally liable for its debts.
If a creditor sues for a debt and wins, the court enters a judgment. A County Court Judgment in England and Wales is recorded on the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines, which Registry Trust keeps for the Ministry of Justice. Registry Trust keeps similar registers for Scotland and Northern Ireland. Lenders and credit reference agencies read the register, and anyone can search it at trustonline.org.uk.
The judgment stays on the register for six years. If you pay the full amount within one month of the judgment, you can have it removed. If you pay later, you can have it marked as satisfied: you apply to the court that handled the case on form N443 with a fee of £19, and the court tells the register. The entry stays for the six years, and anyone searching sees it was paid.
A satisfied judgment reads very differently to a lender from an unpaid one. Paying it and getting it marked is the single most useful step for a file with a judgment on it. If the judgment is wrong, for example because you never received the claim, contact the court about setting it aside.
A lender weighs a bad mark by its age, its size, whether it is settled, and whether there is an explanation. A small satisfied judgment from four years ago with a clean record since reads differently from a large unpaid one entered last month. Write the explanation down and send it with the application.
Security narrows the gap. Asset finance is secured on the asset, and invoice finance depends heavily on the credit of the customers who owe the invoices. Both can be open to a business whose own file would stop an unsecured loan. Expect any offer to cost more, and compare it in pounds over the term.
Ask each credit reference agency for your personal file, which you have a right to see, and for the company’s file.
Ask the agency to correct anything wrong, such as a debt that is not yours or an address you never lived at. It checks with the lender.
Pay what you can, get judgments marked satisfied, and ask lenders to mark settled defaults as settled.
Pay every account on time, keep within limits, be on the electoral roll, and file at Companies House on time.
If judgments and defaults come from debts the business cannot pay, more borrowing can deepen the problem. A director of a company that cannot pay its debts has duties to its creditors. Take advice from a licensed insolvency practitioner before you borrow. What happens if your business cannot repay a loan.
The monthly repayment on a business loan, the interest over the term and the total you repay with the arrangement fee.
Some lenders will consider it, depending on the amount, how old it is and whether it is paid. A satisfied judgment with a clean record since is weighed very differently from an unpaid one. Pay it, have it marked satisfied on form N443, and send a written explanation with the application. Secured funding, such as asset finance, may be open when an unsecured loan is not.
Six years from the date of the judgment, on the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines. If you pay the full amount within one month, you can have it removed. If you pay later, it is marked satisfied and stays for the six years, showing that it was paid.
It can. A limited company has its own credit file, but a lender that asks you for a personal guarantee reads your personal file as well, and a poor one can lead to a decline when the company’s own file is clean. Your personal file does not appear on the company’s file.
An undischarged bankrupt may not act as a director of a company without the court’s permission, under section 11 of the Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986. After discharge, the bankruptcy still shows on your personal file for a period set by the credit reference agencies. Lenders that will consider it look at what has happened since, and at the security on offer.
A lender decides whose files it reads, and it needs each person’s consent for a personal credit search. It reads the file of any director or shareholder it asks for a personal guarantee. A poor record for one director can affect the whole application, so check every director’s file before you apply.
A lender declines an application that falls outside its lending criteria: the bank statements, the trading history, the sector, the debt service cover, a credit file or the security on offer. Ask the lender which criterion the application missed, fix what can be fixed, and apply next to a lender whose criteria the business meets. The full answer.
A lender reads the company's bank statements and works out whether its cash covers every loan repayment with room to spare. It then checks the trading history, the Companies House record, the credit files of the company and its directors, and what the money is for. The full answer.
Asset finance pays for equipment, vehicles and machinery in monthly instalments over the years you use them, with the asset as the funder’s main security. It comes as hire purchase, a finance lease, an operating lease, contract hire, or a refinance of equipment you already own. The five differ in who owns the asset, when you pay the VAT, who claims the tax allowances and what happens at the end of the term. The full answer.
Missed repayments put the loan into default. The lender can demand the whole balance, enforce its security, call on any personal guarantee and, if the company still cannot pay, use insolvency procedures. Talk to the lender before the first missed payment, and take advice from a licensed insolvency practitioner if the company cannot pay its debts as they fall due. The full answer.
Finance is subject to status and to the lender’s terms. A personal guarantee makes you liable for the company’s debt if it does not repay, and it can be enforced against your own assets, including your home. Nothing here is a personal recommendation.
Funding searches run on Swoop’s platform. Swoop Finance Limited is a credit broker and not a lender, and is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FRN 936513). Buzz Accounting Ltd introduces businesses to Swoop and may receive a fee from Swoop when funding is arranged. Business funding is separate from the financial advice Equity & General Financial Services Limited gives through this website. Finance is subject to status, and a lender may ask a director for a personal guarantee.
If a lender asks you to guarantee the company’s borrowing, our advisers can advise on life cover for that debt.